A painter only paints what is needed in the frame.
I see no difference in capturing an image, painting an image or putting together an assemblage. You only include what is necessary. Nothing more, Nothing less.
As for what is included within the body of artistic work, photographic composition is the same as the other arts.
While I believe there are no hard or precise rules for composition, the reading of a work is revealed through the relationships shown within the framework of the image.
Meaning is derived from the object relationships framed by the image borders.
The Camera and lens are selection devices. They are tools used to selectively reduce the world into readable portions.
The photographic image is simply a logical view of an artistic statement. It is an utterance made from the combined relationships of selective visual cues.
Please see the following:
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